From the earliest times when the Chinese filled bamboo shoots with an explosive substance producing “firecrackers” to modern displays of color and sound, fireworks have captivated us for thousands of years.
Air pollution is a well known concern with fireworks displays, but often overlooked is the impact lingering debris in air, water and land has on drinking water. The heavy metals and perchlorate compounds used in traditional fireworks produce beautiful colors and aid in the combustion reaction that allows fireworks to burn, yet are toxic to both human and environmental health. These substances can be washed out of the air by rainfall and accumulate in groundwater or surface water, contaminating drinking water supplies. Additionally, the fireworks debris left on the ground can deteriorate and enter the watersheds.
Several studies have reviewed this type of contamination on neighboring surface water. From 2011-2015, the USGS and National Park Service studied perchlorate and metals associated with past fireworks displays at Mount Rushmore by sampling water and soil nearby. Their findings showed elevated perchlorate concentrations in soil where the fireworks were launched and where the debris landed and higher water concentrations of the chemicals and metals in the water bodies inside the memorial.
Personal fireworks are also at risk of polluting waterways if set off near water or the debris is left to enter storm drains. Homeowners can take steps to minimize fireworks pollution such as looking for low-perchlorate fireworks, disposing of debris appropriately or attending a display with professionals trained in safety and waste.
We encourage homeowners and businesses to participate in alternative activities this 4th of July such as a parade or local block party to help keep our drinking water safe for everyone!
Learn more
USGS Report
Indiana American Water News Release
Real time air quality worldwide
